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Civics
24-
Lecture1.1
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Lecture1.2
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Lecture1.3
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Lecture1.4
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Lecture1.5
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Lecture1.6
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Lecture1.7
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Lecture1.8
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Lecture1.9
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Lecture1.10
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Lecture1.11
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Lecture1.12
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Lecture1.13
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Lecture1.14
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Lecture1.15
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Lecture1.16
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Lecture1.17
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Lecture1.18
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Lecture1.19
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Lecture1.20
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Lecture1.21
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Lecture1.22
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Lecture1.23
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Lecture1.24
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Economics
37-
Lecture2.1
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Lecture2.2
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Lecture2.3
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Lecture2.4
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Lecture2.5
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Lecture2.6
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Lecture2.7
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Lecture2.8
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Lecture2.9
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Lecture2.10
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Lecture2.11
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Lecture2.12
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Lecture2.13
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Lecture2.14
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Lecture2.15
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Lecture2.16
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Lecture2.17
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Lecture2.18
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Lecture2.19
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Lecture2.20
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Lecture2.21
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Lecture2.22
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Lecture2.23
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Lecture2.24
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Lecture2.25
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Lecture2.26
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Lecture2.27
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Lecture2.28
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Lecture2.29
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Lecture2.30
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Lecture2.31
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Lecture2.32
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Lecture2.33
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Lecture2.34
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Lecture2.35
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Lecture2.36
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Lecture2.37
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Geography
28-
Lecture3.1
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Lecture3.2
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Lecture3.3
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Lecture3.4
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Lecture3.5
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Lecture3.6
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Lecture3.7
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Lecture3.8
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Lecture3.9
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Lecture3.10
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Lecture3.11
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Lecture3.12
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Lecture3.13
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Lecture3.14
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Lecture3.15
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Lecture3.16
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Lecture3.17
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Lecture3.18
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Lecture3.19
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Lecture3.20
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Lecture3.21
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Lecture3.22
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Lecture3.23
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Lecture3.24
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Lecture3.25
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Lecture3.26
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Lecture3.27
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Lecture3.28
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History
28-
Lecture4.1
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Lecture4.2
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Lecture4.3
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Lecture4.4
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Lecture4.5
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Lecture4.6
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Lecture4.7
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Lecture4.8
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Lecture4.9
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Lecture4.10
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Lecture4.11
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Lecture4.12
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Lecture4.13
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Lecture4.14
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Lecture4.15
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Lecture4.16
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Lecture4.17
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Lecture4.18
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Lecture4.19
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Lecture4.20
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Lecture4.21
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Lecture4.22
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Lecture4.23
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Lecture4.24
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Lecture4.25
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Lecture4.26
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Lecture4.27
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Lecture4.28
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Chapter Notes – Democracy and Diversity
Civil Rights Movement in the USA
• This is a set of events and reform movements aimed at abolishing legal racial discrimination against African-Americans.
• The movement is led by Martin Luther King during the period of 1954-1968.
Cross-cutting differences
• This is a set of events and reform movements aimed at abolishing legal racial discrimination against African-Americans.
• The movement is led by Martin Luther King during the period of 1954-1968.
Differences, similarities, divisions
What is Social Differences
• Social Differences are social identities based on accident of birth or on individual choices.
Origin of Social Differences
• Most of the social differences are based on an accident of birth.
• Some of the differences are based on our choices.
Social Division
• It is a situation of conflict based on social inequalities such as religion, caste etc.
• Every social difference does not lead to social division. Social differences divide similar people from one another, but they also unite very different people.
Overlapping Differences
• Social division takes place when some social differences overlaps with other differences.
Cross-cutting differences
• If Social differences cross cut one another, it is difficult to pit one group of people against other.
Politics of social divisions
• Democracy involves competition among various political parties.
• Competition divides society and turns them into political divisions which ultimately lead to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country.
Three factors that determine the outcome of politics of social divisions
• The outcome depends on how people perceive their identities.
→ If people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms, it becomes very difficult to accommodate.
• Depends on how political leaders raise the demands of any community
→ It is easier to accommodate demands that are within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another community.
• Depends on how the government reacts to demands of different groups
→ If the rulers are willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of minority community, social divisions become less threatening for the country.