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Civics
24-
Power Sharing 41 minLecture1.1
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Chapter Notes – Power SharingLecture1.2
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NCERT Solutions – Power SharingLecture1.3
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Federalism 01 hourLecture1.4
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Chapter Notes – FederalismLecture1.5
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NCERT Solutions – FederalismLecture1.6
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Gender Caste 01 hour 04 minLecture1.7
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Chapter Notes – Gender CasteLecture1.8
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NCERT Solutions – Gender CasteLecture1.9
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Popular Struggles 01 hour 18 minLecture1.10
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Chapter Notes – Popular StrugglesLecture1.11
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NCERT Solutions – Popular StrugglesLecture1.12
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Political Parties 55 minLecture1.13
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Chapter Notes – Political PartiesLecture1.14
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NCERT Solutions – Political PartiesLecture1.15
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Democracy and Diversity 49 minLecture1.16
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Chapter Notes – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.17
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NCERT Solutions – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.18
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Outcome of Democracy 41 minLecture1.19
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Chapter Notes – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.20
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NCERT Solutions – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.21
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Challenges to Democracy 53 minLecture1.22
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Chapter Notes – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.23
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NCERT Solutions – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.24
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Economics
37-
Development 1 – Introduction 57 minLecture2.1
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Development 2 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual 23 minLecture2.2
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Development 3 – Levels of Development-National 32 minLecture2.3
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Development 4 – Development in Country, Type of Resources 10 minLecture2.4
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Development 5 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual_English 23 minLecture2.5
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Development 6 – Levels of Devplopment-National_English 32 minLecture2.6
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Development 7 – Development in Country, Type of Resources_English 10 minLecture2.7
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Chapter Notes – DevelopmentLecture2.8
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NCERT Solutions – DevelopmentLecture2.9
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Money and Credit 1 38 minLecture2.10
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Money and Credit 2 23 minLecture2.11
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Money and Credit 3 23 minLecture2.12
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Chapter Notes – Money and CreditLecture2.13
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NCERT Solutions – Money and CreditLecture2.14
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Sectors of Indian Economy 1- Introduction 44 minLecture2.15
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Sectors of Indian Economy 2 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector 01 hour 06 minLecture2.16
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Sectors of Indian Economy 3 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised 21 minLecture2.17
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Sectors of Indian Economy 4 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector_English 01 hour 06 minLecture2.18
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Sectors of Indian Economy 5 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised_English 21 minLecture2.19
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Chapter Notes – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.20
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NCERT Solutions – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.21
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 1- Globalization of the Indian Economy 01 hour 39 minLecture2.22
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 2- Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy 34 minLecture2.23
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 3- Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries 23 minLecture2.24
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 4 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market, 20 minLecture2.25
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 5 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment 24 minLecture2.26
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 6 – Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy_English 34 minLecture2.27
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 7 – Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries_English 23 minLecture2.28
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 8 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market_English 20 minLecture2.29
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 9 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment_English 25 minLecture2.30
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Chapter Notes – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.31
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NCERT Solutions – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.32
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Consumer Rights 1 – Introduction 45 minLecture2.33
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Consumer Rights 2 – Goods and Services, Unfair Trade Practices 31 minLecture2.34
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Consumer Rights 3 – Different Types of Rights 42 minLecture2.35
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Chapter Notes – Consumer RightsLecture2.36
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NCERT Solutions – Consumer RightsLecture2.37
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Geography
28-
Resources and Development 1 53 minLecture3.1
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Resources and Development 2 44 minLecture3.2
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Chapter Notes – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.3
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NCERT Solutions – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.4
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Forest and Wildlife 48 minLecture3.5
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Chapter Notes – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.6
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NCERT Solutions – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.7
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Water Resources 1 12 minLecture3.8
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Water Resources 2 49 minLecture3.9
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Chapter Notes – Water ResourcesLecture3.10
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Agriculture 1 01 hour 06 minLecture3.11
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Agriculture 2 10 minLecture3.12
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Chapter Notes – AgricultureLecture3.13
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Minerals and Energy Resources 1 45 minLecture3.14
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Minerals and Energy Resources 2 58 minLecture3.15
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Minerals and Energy Resources 3 49 minLecture3.16
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Minerals and Energy Resources 4 38 minLecture3.17
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Chapter Notes – Minerals and Energy ResourcesLecture3.18
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Lifeline of National Economy 1 37 minLecture3.19
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Lifeline of National Economy 2 26 minLecture3.20
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Lifeline of National Economy 3 40 minLecture3.21
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Lifeline of National Economy 4 29 minLecture3.22
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Lifeline of National Economy 5 33 minLecture3.23
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Chapter Notes – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.24
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NCERT Solutions – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.25
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Manufacturing Industries 02 hourLecture3.26
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Chapter Notes – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.27
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NCERT Solutions – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.28
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History
28-
The Age of Industrialization 01 hourLecture4.1
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Chapter Notes – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.2
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NCERT Solutions – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.3
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Rise of Nationalism in Europe 01 hourLecture4.4
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Chapter Notes – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.5
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NCERT Solutions – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.6
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The Making of a Global World 01 hourLecture4.7
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Chapter Notes – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.8
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NCERT Solutions – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.9
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Globalization – Part 1 01 hourLecture4.10
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Globalization – Part 2 42 minLecture4.11
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Work Life Leisure 01 hourLecture4.12
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 1 35 minLecture4.13
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 2 01 hourLecture4.14
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 3 59 minLecture4.15
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Nationalist Movement in India 1 23 minLecture4.16
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Nationalist Movement in India 2 51 minLecture4.17
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Nationalist Movement in India 3 01 hourLecture4.18
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Nationalist Movement in India 4 20 minLecture4.19
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Chapter Notes – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.20
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NCERT Solutions – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.21
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Novels Society and History 1 55 minLecture4.22
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Novels Society and History 2 32 minLecture4.23
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Novels Society and History 3 50 minLecture4.24
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Print Culture and Modern World 1 01 hourLecture4.25
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Print Culture and Modern World 2 47 minLecture4.26
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Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.27
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NCERT Solutions – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.28
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Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern World
The First Printed Books
Print in China
• The earliest print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea.
Print in China
• The earliest print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea.
• By the seventeenth century, as urban culture bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified.
• In the late nineteenth century, western printing techniques and mechanical presses were imported as Western powers established their outposts in China.
• Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture.
Print in Japan
• Around AD 768-770, Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan.
• The Buddhist Diamond Sutra was the oldest Japanese book which was printed in AD 868.
Print Comes to Europe
• In the 11th century, Chinese paper reached Europe via the silk route.
• In 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy from China and brought printing knowledge back with him.
• Italians began producing books with woodblocks, and soon the technology spread to other parts of Europe.
• The Buddhist Diamond Sutra was the oldest Japanese book which was printed in AD 868.
Print Comes to Europe
• In the 11th century, Chinese paper reached Europe via the silk route.
• In 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy from China and brought printing knowledge back with him.
• Italians began producing books with woodblocks, and soon the technology spread to other parts of Europe.
→ As the demand for books increased, booksellers all over Europe began exporting books to many different countries.
• But the production of handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever-increasing demand for books because:
→ Copying was an expensive, laborious and time-consuming business.
→ Manuscripts were fragile, awkward to handle.
• In the 1430s, Johann Gutenberg invented new printing technology by developing first-known printing press at Strasbourg, Germany.
Gutenberg and the Printing Press
• Gutenberg learned the art of polishing stones, became a master goldsmith, and also acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making trinkets.
• Based on this knowledge, Gutenberg adapted existing technology to design his innovation.
• By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system.
→ The first book he printed was the Bible.
• Between 1450 and 1550, printing presses were set up in most countries of Europe.
The Print Revolution and Its Impact
A New Reading Public
• Access to books created a new culture of reading.
• However, the rates of literacy in most European countries were very low till the twentieth century which was a major hurdle in spreading of this culture.
• So printers began publishing popular ballads and folk tales, and such books would be profusely illustrated with pictures.
Religious Debates and the Fear of Print
• People believed can lead to the fear of the spread of rebellious and irreligious thoughts.
• In 1517, the religious reformer Martin Luther wrote ‘Ninety Five Theses’ criticising many of the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.
→ This led to a division within the Church and to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
The Reading Mania
• By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 percent.
• In England, Penny chapbooks were carried by petty pedlars known as chapmen and sold for a penny.
→ Copying was an expensive, laborious and time-consuming business.
→ Manuscripts were fragile, awkward to handle.
• In the 1430s, Johann Gutenberg invented new printing technology by developing first-known printing press at Strasbourg, Germany.
Gutenberg and the Printing Press
• Gutenberg learned the art of polishing stones, became a master goldsmith, and also acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making trinkets.
• Based on this knowledge, Gutenberg adapted existing technology to design his innovation.
• By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system.
→ The first book he printed was the Bible.
• Between 1450 and 1550, printing presses were set up in most countries of Europe.
The Print Revolution and Its Impact
A New Reading Public
• Access to books created a new culture of reading.
• However, the rates of literacy in most European countries were very low till the twentieth century which was a major hurdle in spreading of this culture.
• So printers began publishing popular ballads and folk tales, and such books would be profusely illustrated with pictures.
Religious Debates and the Fear of Print
• People believed can lead to the fear of the spread of rebellious and irreligious thoughts.
• In 1517, the religious reformer Martin Luther wrote ‘Ninety Five Theses’ criticising many of the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.
→ This led to a division within the Church and to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
The Reading Mania
• By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 percent.
• In England, Penny chapbooks were carried by petty pedlars known as chapmen and sold for a penny.
• In France were the ‘Biliotheque Bleue’ – low priced small books printed on poor quality paper and bound in cheap blue covers.
• Newspapers and journals carried information about wars and trade, as well as news of developments in other places.
Print Culture and the French Revolution
• Print culture created the conditions within which French Revolution occurred.
• Print popularized the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers.
• Print created a new culture of dialogue and debate.
• By the 1780s, literature mocked the royalty and criticized their morality were large in number.
The Nineteenth Century
Children, Women and Workers
• In 1857, in France, a children’s press, devoted to literature for children alone was set up.
• Women became important as readers as well as writers.
• Penny Magazines were especially meant for women, manuals teaching proper behaviors and housekeeping.
• In the nineteenth century, lending libraries in England became a medium for educating white-collar workers, artisans and lower-middle-class people.
Further Innovations
• By mid 19th Century, Richard M. Hoe perfected the power driven cylindrical press.
• In the late 19th century, offset press was developed that can print up to six colours at a time.
• By the 20th century, electrically operated presses accelerated printing operations.
India and the World of Print
Manuscripts Before the Age of Print
• In India, manuscripts were copied on palm leaves or on handmade paper.
Print Comes to India
• In the mid-sixteenth century, the printing press first came to Goa with Portuguese missionaries.
• By 1674: About 50 books had been printed in Konkani and in Karana languages.
• Cochin, 1579, Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book
• In 1713, Catholic priests printed the first Malayalam book
• By 1710, Dutch Protestant missionaries had printed 32 Tamil texts
• From 1780: James Augustus Hickey began editing the Bengal Gazette, a weekly magazine.
Religious Reform and Public Debates
• From the early nineteenth century, there were intense debates around religious issues.
• Different groups offered a variety of new interpretations of the beliefs of different religions.
• In 1821, Rammohun Roy published the Sambad Kaumudi.
• In 1810, the first printed edition of the Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas, a 16th century text published in Calcutta.
New Forms of Publication
• The novel, a literary firm which had developed in Europe soon acquired distinctively Indian forms and styles.
• Other new literary forms such as lyrics, short stories, essays about social and political matters also entered the world of reading.
• Painters like Raja Ravi Varma produced visual images for mass circulation.
Women and Print
• Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their womenfolk at home.
• Conservative Hindus believed that a literate girl would be widowed.
• Muslims feared that educated women would be corrupted by reading Urdu romances.
• Newspapers and journals carried information about wars and trade, as well as news of developments in other places.
Print Culture and the French Revolution
• Print culture created the conditions within which French Revolution occurred.
• Print popularized the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers.
• Print created a new culture of dialogue and debate.
• By the 1780s, literature mocked the royalty and criticized their morality were large in number.
The Nineteenth Century
Children, Women and Workers
• In 1857, in France, a children’s press, devoted to literature for children alone was set up.
• Women became important as readers as well as writers.
• Penny Magazines were especially meant for women, manuals teaching proper behaviors and housekeeping.
• In the nineteenth century, lending libraries in England became a medium for educating white-collar workers, artisans and lower-middle-class people.
Further Innovations
• By mid 19th Century, Richard M. Hoe perfected the power driven cylindrical press.
• In the late 19th century, offset press was developed that can print up to six colours at a time.
• By the 20th century, electrically operated presses accelerated printing operations.
India and the World of Print
Manuscripts Before the Age of Print
• In India, manuscripts were copied on palm leaves or on handmade paper.
Print Comes to India
• In the mid-sixteenth century, the printing press first came to Goa with Portuguese missionaries.
• By 1674: About 50 books had been printed in Konkani and in Karana languages.
• Cochin, 1579, Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book
• In 1713, Catholic priests printed the first Malayalam book
• By 1710, Dutch Protestant missionaries had printed 32 Tamil texts
• From 1780: James Augustus Hickey began editing the Bengal Gazette, a weekly magazine.
Religious Reform and Public Debates
• From the early nineteenth century, there were intense debates around religious issues.
• Different groups offered a variety of new interpretations of the beliefs of different religions.
• In 1821, Rammohun Roy published the Sambad Kaumudi.
• In 1810, the first printed edition of the Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas, a 16th century text published in Calcutta.
New Forms of Publication
• The novel, a literary firm which had developed in Europe soon acquired distinctively Indian forms and styles.
• Other new literary forms such as lyrics, short stories, essays about social and political matters also entered the world of reading.
• Painters like Raja Ravi Varma produced visual images for mass circulation.
Women and Print
• Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their womenfolk at home.
• Conservative Hindus believed that a literate girl would be widowed.
• Muslims feared that educated women would be corrupted by reading Urdu romances.
Print and the Poor People
• In the 19th century, very cheap and small books were brought to markets.
• From the late nineteenth century, issues of caste discrimination began to be written about in many printed tracts and essays.
Print and Censorship
• Before 1798, the colonial state under the East India Company was not much concerned about censorship.
• By 1820s, the Calcutta Supreme Court passed certain regulations to control press freedom.
• After the revolt of 1857, the attitude to freedom of the press changed.
• In 1878, the Vernacular Press Act was passed which provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the vernacular press.
→ Despite repressive measures, nationalist newspapers grew in numbers in all parts of India.