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Civics
24-
Power Sharing 41 minLecture1.1
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Chapter Notes – Power SharingLecture1.2
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NCERT Solutions – Power SharingLecture1.3
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Federalism 01 hourLecture1.4
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Chapter Notes – FederalismLecture1.5
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NCERT Solutions – FederalismLecture1.6
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Gender Caste 01 hour 04 minLecture1.7
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Chapter Notes – Gender CasteLecture1.8
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NCERT Solutions – Gender CasteLecture1.9
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Popular Struggles 01 hour 18 minLecture1.10
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Chapter Notes – Popular StrugglesLecture1.11
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NCERT Solutions – Popular StrugglesLecture1.12
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Political Parties 55 minLecture1.13
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Chapter Notes – Political PartiesLecture1.14
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NCERT Solutions – Political PartiesLecture1.15
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Democracy and Diversity 49 minLecture1.16
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Chapter Notes – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.17
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NCERT Solutions – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.18
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Outcome of Democracy 41 minLecture1.19
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Chapter Notes – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.20
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NCERT Solutions – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.21
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Challenges to Democracy 53 minLecture1.22
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Chapter Notes – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.23
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NCERT Solutions – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.24
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Economics
37-
Development 1 – Introduction 57 minLecture2.1
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Development 2 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual 23 minLecture2.2
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Development 3 – Levels of Development-National 32 minLecture2.3
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Development 4 – Development in Country, Type of Resources 10 minLecture2.4
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Development 5 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual_English 23 minLecture2.5
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Development 6 – Levels of Devplopment-National_English 32 minLecture2.6
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Development 7 – Development in Country, Type of Resources_English 10 minLecture2.7
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Chapter Notes – DevelopmentLecture2.8
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NCERT Solutions – DevelopmentLecture2.9
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Money and Credit 1 38 minLecture2.10
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Money and Credit 2 23 minLecture2.11
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Money and Credit 3 23 minLecture2.12
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Chapter Notes – Money and CreditLecture2.13
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NCERT Solutions – Money and CreditLecture2.14
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Sectors of Indian Economy 1- Introduction 44 minLecture2.15
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Sectors of Indian Economy 2 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector 01 hour 06 minLecture2.16
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Sectors of Indian Economy 3 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised 21 minLecture2.17
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Sectors of Indian Economy 4 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector_English 01 hour 06 minLecture2.18
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Sectors of Indian Economy 5 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised_English 21 minLecture2.19
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Chapter Notes – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.20
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NCERT Solutions – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.21
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 1- Globalization of the Indian Economy 01 hour 39 minLecture2.22
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 2- Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy 34 minLecture2.23
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 3- Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries 23 minLecture2.24
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 4 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market, 20 minLecture2.25
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 5 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment 24 minLecture2.26
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 6 – Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy_English 34 minLecture2.27
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 7 – Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries_English 23 minLecture2.28
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 8 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market_English 20 minLecture2.29
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 9 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment_English 25 minLecture2.30
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Chapter Notes – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.31
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NCERT Solutions – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.32
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Consumer Rights 1 – Introduction 45 minLecture2.33
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Consumer Rights 2 – Goods and Services, Unfair Trade Practices 31 minLecture2.34
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Consumer Rights 3 – Different Types of Rights 42 minLecture2.35
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Chapter Notes – Consumer RightsLecture2.36
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NCERT Solutions – Consumer RightsLecture2.37
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Geography
28-
Resources and Development 1 53 minLecture3.1
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Resources and Development 2 44 minLecture3.2
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Chapter Notes – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.3
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NCERT Solutions – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.4
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Forest and Wildlife 48 minLecture3.5
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Chapter Notes – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.6
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NCERT Solutions – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.7
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Water Resources 1 12 minLecture3.8
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Water Resources 2 49 minLecture3.9
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Chapter Notes – Water ResourcesLecture3.10
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Agriculture 1 01 hour 06 minLecture3.11
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Agriculture 2 10 minLecture3.12
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Chapter Notes – AgricultureLecture3.13
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Minerals and Energy Resources 1 45 minLecture3.14
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Minerals and Energy Resources 2 58 minLecture3.15
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Minerals and Energy Resources 3 49 minLecture3.16
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Minerals and Energy Resources 4 38 minLecture3.17
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Chapter Notes – Minerals and Energy ResourcesLecture3.18
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Lifeline of National Economy 1 37 minLecture3.19
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Lifeline of National Economy 2 26 minLecture3.20
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Lifeline of National Economy 3 40 minLecture3.21
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Lifeline of National Economy 4 29 minLecture3.22
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Lifeline of National Economy 5 33 minLecture3.23
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Chapter Notes – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.24
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NCERT Solutions – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.25
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Manufacturing Industries 02 hourLecture3.26
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Chapter Notes – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.27
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NCERT Solutions – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.28
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History
28-
The Age of Industrialization 01 hourLecture4.1
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Chapter Notes – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.2
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NCERT Solutions – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.3
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Rise of Nationalism in Europe 01 hourLecture4.4
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Chapter Notes – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.5
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NCERT Solutions – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.6
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The Making of a Global World 01 hourLecture4.7
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Chapter Notes – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.8
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NCERT Solutions – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.9
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Globalization – Part 1 01 hourLecture4.10
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Globalization – Part 2 42 minLecture4.11
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Work Life Leisure 01 hourLecture4.12
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 1 35 minLecture4.13
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 2 01 hourLecture4.14
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 3 59 minLecture4.15
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Nationalist Movement in India 1 23 minLecture4.16
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Nationalist Movement in India 2 51 minLecture4.17
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Nationalist Movement in India 3 01 hourLecture4.18
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Nationalist Movement in India 4 20 minLecture4.19
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Chapter Notes – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.20
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NCERT Solutions – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.21
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Novels Society and History 1 55 minLecture4.22
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Novels Society and History 2 32 minLecture4.23
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Novels Society and History 3 50 minLecture4.24
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Print Culture and Modern World 1 01 hourLecture4.25
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Print Culture and Modern World 2 47 minLecture4.26
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Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.27
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NCERT Solutions – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.28
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Chapter Notes – Power Sharing
Topics in the Chapter
• Story of Belgium
• Story of Sri Lanka
• Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka
• Accommodation in Belgium
• Why power sharing is desirable?
• Forms of power-sharing
Story of Belgium
• Belgium is a small country in Europe which has a population of a little over one crore.
• The ethnic composition of this small country is very complex.
• Out of the total population of the country, 59 percent lives in the Flemish region and speaks Dutch
language. Another 40 percent people live in the Wallonia region and speak French. Remaining one percent of the Belgians speak German.
• In Belgium’s capital, Brussels, 80 percent people speak French while 20 percent are Dutch speaking.
• The minority French-speaking community was relatively rich and powerful.
→ This made Dutch-speaking community angry as they the benefit of economic development and education much later.
→ This made Dutch-speaking community angry as they the benefit of economic development and education much later.
• During the 1950s and 1960s, tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities created due to these differences.
Story of Sri Lanka
• Sri Lanka is an island nation, south of India having diverse population of about two crore people.
• The major social groups are the Sinhala-speakers (74 percent) and the Tamil-speakers (18 percent).
• Tamils are divided into two groups:
→ Sri Lankan Tamils (13 percent) – Tamil natives of the country
→ Indian Tamils (5 percent) – came from India during colonial period as plantation workers.
• Most of the Sinhala-speaking people are Buddhists, while most of the Tamils are Hindus or Muslims.
• There are about 7 percent Christians, who are both Tamil and Sinhala.
Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka
• The democratically elected government adopted a series of Majoritarian policy measures to establish Sinhala supremacy. These are:
→ Sinhala as the only official language.
→ The governments followed preferential policies that favoured Sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs.
• These decisions gradually increased the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils.
• The Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggles for the recognition of Tamil as an official language, for regional autonomy and equality of opportunity in securing education and jobs.
• By 1980s several political organisations were formed demanding an independent Tamil Eelam (state) in northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.
• It soon turned into Civil War.
Accommodation in Belgium
• The elements of the Belgian model:
→ Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the central government.
→ Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the central government.
→ Many powers of the central government have been given to state governments of the two regions of the country.
→ Brussels has a separate government in which both the communities have equal representation.
→ There is also provision of ‘community government’ elected by people belonging to one language
community which has the power regarding cultural, educational and language-related issues.
community which has the power regarding cultural, educational and language-related issues.
Why power sharing is desirable?
• Power sharing is good because it helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
• Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy.
→ A democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise, and who have to live with its effects.
Forms of power-sharing
• In modern democracies, power sharing arrangements can take many forms.
→ Horizontal distribution of power: Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. Example: India.
→ Federal Government (Vertical distribution of power): Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. Example: USA.
→ Power may also be shared among different social groups such as the religious and linguistic groups. Example: ‘Community government’ in Belgium.
→ Power sharing arrangements can also be seen in the way political parties, pressure groups and movements control or influence those in power.
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Power Sharing